度过 (dùguò), meaning “to spend (time),” “to pass (time),” or “to get through,” combines two characters with distinct origins to convey the idea of time passing. Let’s analyze each component:

• 度 (dù):
  • Original form: In oracle bone script, 度 depicted a measuring tool or a unit of measurement. It was also associated with deliberation and careful consideration.
  • Meaning: It conveys the idea of “to measure,” “to estimate,” “to cross,” or “a degree or extent.” In the context of “度过,” it emphasizes the measured or quantifiable nature of time passing.

• 过 (guò):
  • Original form: In oracle bone script, 过 depicted a person walking or moving past something, signifying movement and transition.
  • Meaning: It conveys the idea of “to pass,” “to cross,” “to go through,” or “to exceed.” In “度过,” it emphasizes the act of moving through a period of time.

Combining the Components:

When combined, 度过 literally means “to measure and pass” or “to cross over.” This imagery effectively captures the experience of time passing, where we measure and move through days, weeks, or years.

Evolution of Meaning:

The meaning of 度过 has remained relatively consistent throughout its evolution, primarily focusing on the passage of time. However, it can also encompass the idea of overcoming challenges or surviving difficult situations.

Usage in Modern Chinese:

度过 is commonly used in various contexts:

• Spending time: 度过周末 (dùguò zhōumò) – to spend the weekend; 度过假期 (dùguò jiàqī) – to spend a holiday
• Passing time: 时间慢慢度过 (shíjiān màn man dùguò) – Time passes slowly
• Overcoming difficulties: 度过难关 (dùguò nánguān) – to overcome difficulties; 度过危机 (dùguò wēijī) – to get through a crisis

By understanding the original structure and meaning of its components, we can appreciate how 度过 effectively conveys the concept of time passing, both in terms of its measurable aspect and the act of moving through it.