变成 (biàn chéng), meaning “to become,” “to turn into,” or “to change into,” is a word that vividly captures the process of transformation. Let’s analyze the original structure and meaning of each character:

• 变 (biàn):
  • Original form: In oracle bone script, 变 depicted a hand (又) holding a stick or whip (攴) used to inflict punishment. This was associated with causing a sudden change or alteration.
  • Meaning: It conveys the idea of “to change,” “to transform,” “to alter,” or “to become different.”

• 成 (chéng):
  • Original form: In oracle bone script, 成 depicted a knife (丁) altering or shaping something. This symbolized the completion of a process or the achievement of a desired outcome.
  • Meaning: It conveys the idea of “to become,” “to complete,” “to succeed,” or “to achieve.”

Combining the Components:

When combined, 变成 literally means “to change and become” or “to transform into.” It emphasizes the process of something undergoing a significant shift and resulting in a new state or form.

Evolution of Meaning:

The meaning of 变成 has remained relatively consistent throughout its evolution, primarily focusing on the idea of transformation. However, its usage has expanded to encompass various nuances:

• Transformation: 毛毛虫变成了蝴蝶 (máomáo chóng biàn chéng le húdié) – The caterpillar turned into a butterfly.
• Change of state: 水变成了冰 (shuǐ biàn chéng le bīng) – Water turned into ice.
• Development: 他变成了一个好人 (tā biàn chéng le yīgè hǎo rén) – He became a good person.

Usage in Modern Chinese:

变成 is frequently used in everyday language to describe various types of transformations, from physical changes to personal growth. It’s a versatile word that effectively captures the dynamic nature of change.

By understanding the original structure and meaning of its components, we can appreciate how 变成 vividly conveys the idea of something undergoing a fundamental shift and emerging in a new form.